ANALYSIS OF MODERN MATERIALS AND METHODS OF ROOT CANAL OBTURATION IN VETERINARY DENTISTRY

УДК: 616.314.163-08 DOI: 10.31588/2413_4201_1883_1_265_65

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to systematize and provide an in-depth analysis of modern scientific concepts regarding root canal obturation methodology. In dentistry, there are such methods of root canal obturation as lateral condensation, vertical condensation (hot gutta-percha), Thermafil system, the single-pin technique (with bioceramic sealer Gutta-bond (VladMiVa, Russia); Dia-Root Bio Sealer (Diadent, Korea); Endoseal MTA (Geosoft, Israel)). The mechanistic paradigm, focused on the maximum dense spatial filling, has been replaced by a biologically based model, where obturation acts not as an end in itself, but as a critically important element of a comprehensive treatment protocol. A key vector of development has become a move away from passive isolation to active interaction with periodontal tissues, which became possible due to revolutionary changes in materials science, primarily the introduction of bioceramic sealers based on calcium silicates that are hydrophilic, bioactive, have the ability to minimally expand and form a mineral bond with dentin. New materials have not negated the value of classical methods. Vertical condensation of heated gutta-percha and lateral compaction remain in the arsenal for solving specific tasks, such as working with complex anatomy or extensive defects. Modern clinical logic is not in finding a universal "best" method, but in the informed choice of the optimal combination of technique, core filler and sealer adapted to specific anatomical conditions and clinical scenario. The most important conclusion is the confirmation of the total dependence of the obturation stage on the quality of all previous treatment steps. The obturation result is one hundred percent determined by the accuracy of diagnosis, the correctness of access, the thoroughness of mechanical preparation and the effectiveness of antimicrobial irrigation. Attempting to compensate for disinfection deficiencies with perfect obturation is doomed to long-term failure. Similarly, an ideally filled canal loses its meaning without a timely and hermetic coronal restoration, which provides protection from re-infection.